WHICH STUDENTS ARE AT HIGHEST RISK ONLINE? Online course outcomes and subsequent college attrition
Key Takeaways:
Students with children and native-born students were both significantly less likely to successfully complete an online course than would be expected based on face-to-face performance.
Students who enrolled in online courses were less likely to persist in college, but online course outcomes had no direct effect on college persistence. Thus, students didn't drop out of college because of poorer outcomes in the online environment.
IS IT RISKIER TO TAKE A COURSE ONLINE? Differences in successful course completion online versus face-to-face, after controlling for student self-selection
Key Takeaways:
After controlling for the specific course taken and student characteristics, including environmental factors (e.g. work and family responsibilities) and non-cognitive factors (e.g. motivation, grit), there was no significant difference in successful course completion rates online versus face-to-face.
Institutions should be cautious in restricting access to online courses through restrictive enrollment or development policies, because this is likely to reduce access to college for non-traditional students (e.g. those with work or family responsibilities) without improving course or college outcomes.
On the other hand, students who do not currently elect to take online courses should not be forced to enroll online, as the results of this study can only be generalized to those students who currently choose to take courses online.
REVISING FINANCIAL AID TO IMPROVE THE OUTCOMES OF STUDENT PARENTS How insufficient childcare and extra work hours leads to poorer college outcomes
Key Takeaways:
Students with children are significantly less likely to persist in college, and accumulate fewer credits than non-parents, even after controlling for other factors.
Student parents, particularly women, have lower quantity and quality of time to devote to their studies, largely because of childcare responsibilities (and to a lesser extent because of the need to seek paid work).
The time poverty of student parents entirely explains their lower rates of credit completion, and explains a significant proportion of their lower college persistence rates.
Providing on-campus childcare for student parents, especially those with pre-school-aged children, is critical to improving educational outcomes for this group.
Revising federal financial formulas to better include the actual costs of childcare (and the living expenses of dependent children) is also critical to improving the outcomes of student parents.
SHOULD STUDENTS AVOID ONLINE STEM COURSES?
Successful STEM course completion rates online versus face-to-face, after controlling for student self-selection
Key Takeaways:
After controlling for the specific course taken and student characteristics, including environmental factors (e.g. work and family responsibilities) and non-cognitive factors (e.g. motivation, grit), there was no significant difference in successful STEM course completion rates online versus face-to-face.
Institutions should be cautious in limiting access to online STEM courses through restrictive enrollment or development policies, because this is likely to reduce access to college for non-traditional students (e.g. those with work or family responsibilities) without improving course or college outcomes.
On the other hand, students who do not currently elect to take STEM courses online should not be forced to enroll online, as the results of this study can only be generalized to those students who currently choose to take STEM courses online.